Generally, fuel oil system consist of two function. One is for the replenishment and transfer and another one is for the usage of the main engine/auxiliary engine. For simplicity the system will be explained in two separate system.
Fuel Oil Replenishment System
To avoid the free surface effect, fuel are divided into several tanks. This system will be responsible for distributing the fuel oil into their respective tank. It is important to distribute to the tank equally in order to maintain the ship stability. Refer red line.
The fuel then will be purified via a purifier and then filled into another tank (Day tank/service tank). Refer blue line
Fuel Service System
The fuel from the day tank will be used for the main engine/auxiliary engine via gravity. The excess fuel will be filled back into the day tank/ supplied back into the engine.
Refer the red line for better understanding.
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